Ancient warfare

For nearly one thousand years, the world quaked at their footsteps, and the very sound of their name: The Legions. The elite troops of Rome’s formidable army, which would carve up an empire that stretched from the Highlands of Scotland to the scorching deserts of the Arabian Peninsula. They would kill and enslave millions, pillage and raze cities to the ground, and transform the mighty Mediterranean Sea into the Empire’s own private lake. The only time in human history when the whole of the…

10,000 years ago, a group of rival hunter-gatherers fought on the shore of Lake Turkana in Kenya’s Rift Valley. The event was the first known warlike encounter in human history. Since then, humanity has found increasingly innovative ways to solve disputes over territory and resources settle grudges or satisfy a…

The armies of 1066 by the late great Richard Scollins

The ancient people referred to as the Philistines have long been an enigma. Not much is known about them beyond biblical stories. However, archaeogeneticist Mic

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Ages sombres.

It is possible for any commander to lose a battle; for example, they could be in charge of a force that is significantly inferior to that of their opponent. Throughout history, we have learned about military leaders who found a way to lose battles that were easier to win. It…

de·ba·cle /dāˈbäk(ə)l,dəˈbäk(ə)l/ noun a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco. In most battles and wars, there are winners and losers. Sometimes the outcome is clear cut. Other times it is a near run thing, with Pyrrhic victors and losers who went down hard and honorably. And then there are those…

The arming of Roman Soldiers and Gladiators. Caesar Imperator. The triarii, impediti, eques, centurio, the phaleratus, the military tribune.